Sathyabama LMS

COURSE OBJECTIVES

 To introduce the concepts of compressibility.

 To make the student understand the theory behind the formation of shocks and expansion fans in Supersonic flows.

 To introduce the methodology of measurements in Supersonic flows.

UNIT 1 CONCEPTS OF COMPRESSIBLE FLOW 9 Hrs.

Basic concepts of compressible flow, Review of continuity, energy and momentum equations. One dimensional inviscid flow; Stagnation quantities; Isentropic conditions. Speed of sound and Mach number; Isentropic relations; Area-velocity relation. Flow through constant area duct.

UNIT 2 COMPRESSION AND EXPANSION WAVES 9 Hrs.

Normal shock –Prandtl equation and Rankine–Hugonoit relation .Oblique shock and supersonic compression by turning. Weak shocks and Mach waves; Super sonic expansion by turning. Prandtl-Meyer expansion fan; Reflection and intersection of shocks. Shock detachment and bow shock; Shock Expansion theory with application to thin airfoils.

UNIT 3 AIRFOIL IN HIGH SPEED FLOWS 9 Hrs.

Small perturbation potential theory, solutions for supersonic flows, Mach waves and Mach angles, Prandtl-Glauert rule - affine transformation relations for subsonic flows, linearized two dimensional supersonic flow theory - Lift, drag, pitching moment and center of pressure of supersonic profiles.

UNIT 4 TRANSONIC FLOW OVER WING 9 Hrs.

Lower and upper critical mach numbers, Lift and drag divergence, shock induced separation, characteristics of swept wings, Effects of thickness, camber and aspect ratio of wings, Transonic area rule, Tip effects.

UNIT 5 EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES FOR HIGH SPEED FLOWS 9 Hrs.

Blow down, indraft and induction tunnel layouts and their design features. Transonic, supersonic and hypersonic tunnels and their peculiarities. Helium and gun tunnels, Shock tubes, Optical methods of flow visualization.

Max.45 Hrs.

COURSE OUTCOMES

On completion of the course, student will be able to

TEXT / REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Radhakrishnan, Ethirajan., Gas Dynamics, John Wiley & Sons,2010.

2. Anderson J. D., Jr., Modern Compressible Flow with Historical Perspective, McGraw Hill Publishing Co.,2004.

3. H W Liepmann and A Roshko, Elements of Gas Dynamics, John Wiley & Sons.

4. Shapiro, A.H., "Dynamics and Thermodynamics of Compressible Fluid Flow", Ronold Press.

5. Zucrow, M.J. and Anderson, J.D., "Elements of gas dynamics", McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York.

6. Clancy,L,J., “Aerodynamics”, Pitman, Shroff Publishing co.,2006.

COURSE OBJECTIVE

• To study the various types of communication techniques and their analysis based on Fourier transform and to provide fundamental knowledge of pulse modulation techniques and their types.

UNIT 1 SIGNAL ANALYSIS 

Fourier transform of gate functions, delta functions at the origin – Two delta function and periodic delta function – properties of Fourier transform – Frequency shifting – Time shifting – Convolution theorem – Frequency convolution theorem – Sampling theorem.

UNIT 2 PULSE MODULATION AND COMMUNICATION 

Pulse amplitude modulation – Natural sampling -Instantaneous sampling Transmission of PAM signals – Pulse width modulation – Time division multiplexing and frequency division multiplexing – Band width requirements for PAM signals – Pulse code modulation – Principles of PCU – Quantizing noise – Generation and demodulation of PCM – Effects of noise – Advantages and application of PCM – Differential PCM (DPCM) – Delta modulation.

UNIT 3 BROAD BAND COMMUNICATION 

Coaxial cable circuit -Parallel wire line circuit – Computer communication – Digital data communication – Modems – Microwave communication links – LOS links – Tropospheric scatter microwave links – Integrated Service Digital Network (ISDN) – Architecture – Broadband ISDN – Local Area Network (LAN) – LAN topologies – Private Branch Exchange (PBX).

UNIT 4 SATELLITE COMMUNICATION

Introduction – Communication satellite systems – Transmitting and receiving earth station – Satellite orbits – Satellite frequency bands – Satellite multiple access formats – FDMA – CDMA – Satellite channel, Power flow – Polarization antenna gain – Parabolic dish antenna – Power loss – Rainfall effect – Receiver noise –satellite system power budget: EIRP, received power Carrier to noise ratio, G/T ratio. – Satellite link analysis – Up link – Down link – Cross link – Direct Home TV broadcasting – Satellite transponders.

UNIT 5 RADAR SYSTEMS AND OPTICAL FIBER 

Introduction, Basic Radar systems, Radar systems – Radar range – Pulsed radar system – A Scope – Plan Position Indicator (PPI) – Search Radar – Tracking Radar – Moving Target Indicator (MTI) – Doppler Effect – MTI principle – Digital MTI – Radar Beacons. Optical Fiber: Introduction to light, optical fiber and fiber cables, optical fiber characteristics and classification, losses, Fiber optic components and systems, Installation, testing and repair.

Course Outcomes:

By the end of this course students will be able to

CO1: Design, operation, and troubleshoot of electronic systems

CO2: Solve electronic devices and systems using mathematical concepts.

CO3: Analyze electronics devices and circuits using computer simulations.

CO4: Analyze components associated with digital and analog electronic/communication systems.

CO5: Analyze basic wireless and communication circuits using computer simulations

The course provides an introduction to basic human rights philosophy, principles, instruments and institutions, and also an overview of current issues and debates in the field with focus on the problems specific to Bulgaria. This course aims to explore some aspects of the diverse and increasingly complex body of international law of human rights that has both national and international application. The course also seeks to analyze the ways in which allegations of human rights violations are dealt with in the Bulgarian courts and the impact of human rights discourse on international politics and relations.