Sathyabama LMS

Course Objective:

➢ To enable students to understand the description of equations of motion of a system (using Lagrangian,

Hamiltonian mechanics and finally canonical transformation).

Course Outcomes:

Having successfully completed this course, students will be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of

CO1: Derivation of Lagrange equation from D’Alembert principle

CO2: Apply the Lagrange equation to study the motion under central force problems

CO3: Apply the Lagrange equation to study the motion of rigid bodies.

CO4: Derivation of Hamilton equation of motion and apply the same for systems such as relativistic particles

and light rays.

CO5: Use of canonical transformation to find the constants of motion according to Hamilton-Jacobi theory

COURSE OBJECTIVE

• To study the various types of communication techniques and their analysis based on Fourier transform and to provide fundamental knowledge of pulse modulation techniques and their types.

UNIT 1 SIGNAL ANALYSIS 

Fourier transform of gate functions, delta functions at the origin – Two delta function and periodic delta function – properties of Fourier transform – Frequency shifting – Time shifting – Convolution theorem – Frequency convolution theorem – Sampling theorem.

UNIT 2 PULSE MODULATION AND COMMUNICATION 

Pulse amplitude modulation – Natural sampling -Instantaneous sampling Transmission of PAM signals – Pulse width modulation – Time division multiplexing and frequency division multiplexing – Band width requirements for PAM signals – Pulse code modulation – Principles of PCU – Quantizing noise – Generation and demodulation of PCM – Effects of noise – Advantages and application of PCM – Differential PCM (DPCM) – Delta modulation.

UNIT 3 BROAD BAND COMMUNICATION 

Coaxial cable circuit -Parallel wire line circuit – Computer communication – Digital data communication – Modems – Microwave communication links – LOS links – Tropospheric scatter microwave links – Integrated Service Digital Network (ISDN) – Architecture – Broadband ISDN – Local Area Network (LAN) – LAN topologies – Private Branch Exchange (PBX).

UNIT 4 SATELLITE COMMUNICATION

Introduction – Communication satellite systems – Transmitting and receiving earth station – Satellite orbits – Satellite frequency bands – Satellite multiple access formats – FDMA – CDMA – Satellite channel, Power flow – Polarization antenna gain – Parabolic dish antenna – Power loss – Rainfall effect – Receiver noise –satellite system power budget: EIRP, received power Carrier to noise ratio, G/T ratio. – Satellite link analysis – Up link – Down link – Cross link – Direct Home TV broadcasting – Satellite transponders.

UNIT 5 RADAR SYSTEMS AND OPTICAL FIBER 

Introduction, Basic Radar systems, Radar systems – Radar range – Pulsed radar system – A Scope – Plan Position Indicator (PPI) – Search Radar – Tracking Radar – Moving Target Indicator (MTI) – Doppler Effect – MTI principle – Digital MTI – Radar Beacons. Optical Fiber: Introduction to light, optical fiber and fiber cables, optical fiber characteristics and classification, losses, Fiber optic components and systems, Installation, testing and repair.

Course Outcomes:

By the end of this course students will be able to

CO1: Design, operation, and troubleshoot of electronic systems

CO2: Solve electronic devices and systems using mathematical concepts.

CO3: Analyze electronics devices and circuits using computer simulations.

CO4: Analyze components associated with digital and analog electronic/communication systems.

CO5: Analyze basic wireless and communication circuits using computer simulations

Course Objectives:

Ø  The aim and objective of the course on Radiation Physics is to expose the students of M.Sc. class to the relatively advanced topics Radiation Physics and nuclear reactions.

Ø  They understand the details of the underlying aspects and can use the techniques if they decide to be radiation or nuclear physicists in their career.

UNIT 1    INTERACTION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATIONS WITH MATTER                                      12 Hrs.

Different photon interaction processes viz. photoelectric effect, Compton scattering and pair production. Minor interaction processes, Energy and Z dependence of partial photon interaction processes. Attenuation coefficients, Broad and narrow beam geometries. Multiple scattering.

UNIT 2    INTERACTION OF CHARGED PARTICLES WITH MATTER                                                            12 Hrs.

Elastic and inelastic collisions with electrons and atomic nucleus. Energy loss of heavy charged particles. Range-energy relationships, Straggling. Radiative collisions of electrons with atomic nucleus.

UNIT 3    NUCLEAR DETECTORS AND SPECTROSCOPY                                                                             12 Hrs.

General characteristics of detectors, Gas filled detectors, Organic and inorganic scintillation detectors, Semi-conductor detectors [Si(Li), Ge(Li) HPGe]. Room temperature detectors, Gamma ray spectrometers. Gamma ray spectrometry with NaI(Tl) scintillation and semiconductor detectors.

UNIT 4    NUCLEAR SPECTROMETRY AND APPLICATIONS                                                                        12 Hrs.

Analysis of nuclear spectrometric data, Measurements of nuclear energy levels, spins, parities, moments, internal conversion coefficients, Angular correlation, Perturbed angular correlation, Measurement of g-factors and hyperfine fields.

UNIT 5 ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES                                                                                                               12 Hrs.

Principle, instrumentation and spectrum analysis of XRF, PIXE and neutron activation analysis (NAA) techniques. Theory, instrumentation and applications of electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR). Experimental techniques and applications of Mossbauer Effect, Rutherford backscattering. Applications of elemental analysis, Diagnostic nuclear medicine, Therapeutic nuclear medicine.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Max. 60 Hours

COURSE OUTCOMES:

CO1:       Understand various modes of interaction of electromagnetic radiations and charged particles with matter.

CO2:       Distinguish various types of radiations based on their interaction with matter.

CO3:       Learn and understand about different detectors and their use for spectroscopy.

CO4:       Use different analytical technique such as XRF, PIXE, neutron activation analysis and electron spin resonance spectroscopy.

CO5:       Understand various analysis techniques and way to apply the materials in suitable manner

TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS:

1.     The Atomic Nucleus: R.D. Evans, Tata Mc Graw Hill, New Delhi.

2.     Nuclear Radiation Detectors: S. S. Kapoor and V. S. Ramamurthy, New Age, International, New Delhi.

3.     Radiation Detection and Measurements: G. F. Knoll, Wiley & Sons, New Delhi.

4.     Introductory Nuclear Physics: K. S. Krane, Wiley & Sons, New Delhi.

5.     An Introduction to X-ray Spectrometry: Ron Jenkin, Wiley.

6.     Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments: W. R. Leo, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi.